The Brief: A subtweet is a passive aggressive tweet.

DEEP DIVE
Subtweets call out a specific person or group on Twitter without directly revealing their identity. If the subject of a subtweet is a public figure, then context will help distinguish identity, though this form of tweeting is typically targeted toward a more personal relationship. Subtweeting can be a form of venting negative emotions without directly engaging with the source of the conflict; however, most users seem to agree that subtweeting is petty.
Just text her back so we donโt have to see a subtweet about you
— Jake America (@jakeamerica_) February 15, 2019
How I sleep at night knowing a subtweet wonโt hit me in the mouth ๐ด pic.twitter.com/5nh7YKYiNH
— King Ant ๐ (@Antstardomm) February 13, 2019